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Why Does Israel Keep Targeting Lebanon?

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The Israeli-Lebanese conflict has been a protracted and deeply complex issue, marked by intermittent hostilities and significant human suffering. Between October 2023 and November 2024, Israeli military operations in Lebanon resulted in the deaths of at least 3,961 individuals and injuries to approximately 16,520 others, as reported by Lebanon’s Ministry of Public Health. These figures underscore the severe impact of the conflict on Lebanese civilians.

The ceasefire agreement brokered by the United States aimed to de-escalate tensions by mandating the withdrawal of Israeli forces from southern Lebanon and the repositioning of Hezbollah north of the Litani River. However, the ceasefire’s implementation faced significant challenges. On the day Israeli forces were scheduled to withdraw, at least 24 Lebanese civilians were killed, including six women, and 134 others were injured, among them 14 women and 12 children. The following day, Israeli forces shot and killed at least two more individuals and wounded 17 others. These incidents highlight the fragility of the ceasefire and the ongoing volatility in the region.

Lebanon’s Stance on Israel’s Attacks

Lebanon has consistently condemned Israeli military actions within its borders, labeling them as violations of its sovereignty and international law. Prime Minister Najib Mikati described the attacks as a “war of extermination,” accusing Israel of attempting to destroy Lebanese villages and towns. Lebanon’s representation at the United Nations General Assembly emphasized that these attacks have “threatened social order.” The Lebanese government has called upon the international community to intervene and hold Israel accountable for its actions.

The Role of the United Nations in Addressing Violations

The United Nations has been actively involved in monitoring and addressing the Israeli-Lebanese conflict. The United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) was established to oversee the withdrawal of Israeli forces and assist the Lebanese government in restoring its authority in the region. Despite these efforts, challenges persist. UN experts have expressed alarm over the escalating conflict, strongly condemning the violence and urging all parties to adhere to international humanitarian law. They have called for impartial investigations into alleged violations and for accountability measures to be implemented.

Israel’s Motivations and Regional Dynamics

Israel’s military actions in neighboring countries, particularly Lebanon, are often justified by the Israeli government as necessary measures to neutralize threats posed by groups like Hezbollah. Hezbollah’s military capabilities and its proximity to Israeli territory are cited as significant security concerns. However, these actions have drawn international criticism due to the high civilian toll and the destruction of infrastructure.

The response of neighboring countries to Israel’s military operations has been varied. Some nations have condemned the attacks, while others have remained relatively silent, possibly due to geopolitical alliances, economic dependencies, or concerns about regional stability. This silence can also be attributed to the complex web of international relations in the Middle East, where nations must balance their responses to maintain diplomatic and economic ties.

Humanitarian implications

The Israeli-Lebanese conflict remains a deeply entrenched issue with significant humanitarian implications. The high number of casualties and the displacement of civilians underscore the urgent need for a sustainable resolution. Lebanon continues to advocate for its sovereignty and calls for international intervention to address what it deems as illegal attacks by Israel. The United Nations plays a crucial role in mediating the conflict and ensuring compliance with international laws. A comprehensive and lasting peace will require concerted efforts from all involved parties and the broader international community.

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