Middle East Turmoil: How Israel’s Policies Shake Global Stability

Israel’s recent military campaigns and policies, particularly in Gaza and the broader Palestinian territories, have drawn intense international scrutiny for their implications on the global rules-based order. Josep Borrell, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, has warned that Israeli actions are not only violating human rights but are also threatening the stability of the international system.

Violations of the Rules-Based International Order

The “rules-based international order” refers to global norms and institutions designed to ensure peace, stability, and cooperation. Israel’s actions, as outlined by Borrell, challenge these principles in the following ways:

1. Humanitarian Crisis in Gaza:
   • The IDF’s bombing campaigns and siege have created a catastrophic humanitarian situation. Gaza’s health authorities report over 40,000 deaths and more than 92,000 injuries, underscoring the severe toll on civilian populations.
   • International observers, including the EU, have likened these actions to ethnic cleansing, a grave violation of international humanitarian law.
2. Ethnic Cleansing and Forced Expulsions:
   • Borrell explicitly referred to Israel’s military campaign as “ethnic cleansing,” highlighting forced displacements not just in Gaza but also in parts of Lebanon, where 30 villages have been destroyed.
3. Unilateral Military Actions:
   • The disproportionate use of force against Gaza and the broader siege undermine the principles of proportionality and necessity in international law.
   • These actions are seen as part of a broader strategy of territorial expansion, particularly through illegal settlements in the West Bank.

Impacts on the Middle East

Israel’s actions have far-reaching consequences for the Middle East, exacerbating long-standing tensions and creating new flashpoints:

1. Escalation of Regional Conflicts:
   • Israel’s military operations risk escalating tensions with neighboring countries, including Lebanon and Syria. The destruction of villages in Lebanon has drawn criticism and could provoke retaliatory actions by groups like Hezbollah.
   • The ongoing siege and destruction in Gaza amplify the risk of widespread instability across the region.
2. Undermining Peace Efforts:
   • Regional initiatives aimed at achieving peace, such as the Abraham Accords, face challenges as Israel’s actions alienate Arab nations.
   • The continuation of aggressive policies diminishes the prospects of a two-state solution, further polarizing the region.
3. Displacement and Migration:
   • Forced displacements in Gaza and neighboring territories contribute to a growing refugee crisis. This displacement not only affects the region but also places a burden on global migration systems.

Impact on the Muslim World

The Muslim world has responded with increasing unity and vocal opposition to Israeli policies:

1. Strengthening of Solidarity:
   • Israel’s actions have galvanized Muslim-majority countries, fostering solidarity around the Palestinian cause. Organizations such as the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) have intensified their efforts to advocate for Palestinian rights.
2. Tensions with Western Allies:
   • Many Muslim nations have expressed frustration with Western countries for their perceived double standards. While the West often promotes human rights and democracy, its support for Israel’s policies is seen as contradictory.
3. Fueling Extremism:
   • The continued oppression of Palestinians risks radicalizing individuals and groups, potentially fueling extremist ideologies across the Muslim world.

Global Repercussions

Israel’s policies have implications beyond the Middle East and Muslim-majority countries, affecting the broader international community:

1. Erosion of International Norms:
   • Ignoring Israel’s violations undermines the credibility of international institutions like the United Nations, which are tasked with upholding global norms.
2. Ripple Effects in Europe:
   • Borrell has warned of a “ripple effect of crises” in Europe, including increased migration pressures and internal security challenges. Social tensions could also rise due to the humanitarian crisis in Gaza.
3. Polarization of Global Alliances:
   • Israel’s actions contribute to the polarization of global politics, with some countries defending its policies while others push for sanctions and boycotts. This polarization complicates international diplomacy.

The Path Forward

To address these challenges, international actors, including the EU, must adopt decisive measures:

1. Sanctions and Boycotts:
   • Borrell has proposed banning products from illegal settlements and suspending political dialogue with Israel. Such measures could pressure Israel to adhere to international norms.
2. Humanitarian Interventions:
   • Immediate action is needed to alleviate the humanitarian crisis in Gaza, including lifting the blockade and ensuring the delivery of aid.
3. Strengthening International Institutions:
   • Revitalizing the United Nations and other global bodies is essential to hold states accountable and prevent further erosion of international law.

Israel’s policies in Gaza and beyond are perceived as significant threats to the rules-based international order, destabilizing the Middle East and straining relations with the Muslim world. The international community faces a critical juncture: to act decisively in upholding global norms or risk further destabilization and erosion of international law.

References

1. “EU Official Calls for Sanctions Against Israel Over Gaza Actions,” Al Jazeera, November 2024.
2. “Humanitarian Crisis in Gaza: UN Report,” United Nations, October 2024.
3. “The Erosion of International Law in the Middle East,” Brookings Institution, November 2024.
4. “Israel’s Impact on Regional Stability,” Chatham House, October 2024.
5. “Migration and Security Challenges Amid Middle East Crisis,” European Council on Foreign Relations, November 2024.